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Science for Nature Conservation and Management:
the Wadden Sea Ecosystem and EU Directives.
Marencic, H., Eskildsen, K., Farke, H. and
Hedtkamp, S., (Eds.), 2010. Science for Nature Conservation and
Management: the Wadden Sea Ecosystem and EU Directives.
Proceedings of the 12th International Scientific Wadden Sea
Symposium in Wilhelmshaven, Germany, 30 March - 3 April 2009.
Wadden Sea Ecosystem No. 26. Common Wadden Sea Secretariat,
Wilhelmshaven, Germany. |
Download Proceedings (215 pages, 12 MB)
Introduction (p 1-
12)
Foreword
Recommendations from the
12th International Scientific Wadden Sea Symposium
Science and Policy (p 13
- 28)
The relevance of science for management and
policy: The Korean experience 13
C.H. Koh, B.O. Kwon, G.H. Yuk, J.S. Ryu, W.K. Chang, J.S. Khim
Marine and coastal management in West Africa:
partnerships, progress, and prospects 19
Paul Siegel
The Guiding Principle for the Wadden Sea: Advantages of
a dynamic approach in a changing world 23
Hans-Ulrich Rösner
Ecosystem, Species Trends
and Assessment (p 29 - 74)
Decreasing eutrophication of the Wadden Sea: how low
should we go? 29
J.E.E. van Beusekom
Salt marshes: applied long-term monitoring 35
K.S. Dijkema , A.S. Kers, W.E. van Duin
Evaluation of blue mussel beds in the North-Frisian
Wadden Sea - according to the EU Water
Framework Directive and EU Habitats Directive
41
Heike Büttger, Torsten Berg, Georg Nehls
Trends in numbers and distribution of breeding birds in the Wadden Sea
47
Kees Koffijberg, Lieuwe Dijksen, Bernd Hälterlein, Stefan Schrader,
Karsten Laursen, Petra Potel
Assessing the status of Wadden
Sea fish 53
Z. Jager, L.J. Bolle, A. Dänhardt, B. Diederichs, G. Lüerßen, H.
Marencic, T. Neudecker, J. Scholle, R. Vorberg
Changes of abundance and distribution of young plaice (Pleuronectes
platessa) in the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea (Germany) in the last
20 years 65
Katharina Schmidt, Thomas Neudecker
What to do with alien species in the Wadden
Sea? 68
Karsten Reise
Habitat Definition and
Monitoring (p 75 - 104)
Applied vegetation mapping of large-scale areas based on high resolution
aerial photographs - a combined
method of remote sensing, GIS and near
comprehensive field verification
75
Jörg Petersen, Otto Dassau, Hans-Peter Dauck, Nicole Janinhoff
Uncertainty in monitoring salt-marsh accretion on various spatial scales
81
A.V. de Groot, J.P. Bakker, R.M. Veeneklaas, D.P.J. Kuijper
Remote sensing of the Wadden Sea – a tool supporting
TMAP and WFD monitoring 87
Kerstin Stelzer, Carsten Brockmann, Jasmin Geißler
Monitoring for the Habitats Directive and the importance of terrestrial
invertebrates 93
Oliver-D. Finch, Rolf Niedringhaus
Winter temperature is more important than summer
chlorophyll a concentrations for macrozoobenthos dynamics in the
southern Wadden Sea
97
Jan Drent
Site Management and
Restoration (p 105 - 122)
Vegetation structure of TMAP vegetation types on
mainland salt marshes 105
Martin Maier, Julia Schwienheer, Klaus-Michael Exo, Julia Stahl
Safety and nature go hand in hand 111
Anky Woudstra
High tidal flats, salt marshes and managed realignments
as habitats for fish 109
S. Colclough, L.Fonseca, W.Watts, M.Dixon
The Danish Houting Project 121
Jan Steinbring Jensen
Coastal Management and
Sustainability
(p 123 - 162)
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM): Status and Prospects
123
Bastian Schuchardt
Integrated modelling techniques for a transparent and participative
decision support on the coast and in sea 129
Dietmar Kraft
What have we done? Mapping the historic cultural processes that
shape our coastal and marine environment 133
Dave Hooley
Long-term perspectives in coastal zone development – A participatory
assessment process 139
Frank Ahlhorn, Jürgen Meyerdirks, Thomas Klenke
Mussel culture and subtidal mussel stock management in the western
Wadden Sea: are exploitation and conservation compatible?
145
A.C. Smaal, J.W.M. Wijsman, M.R. van Stralen
Do Directives give direction? Integration of nature conservation and
fisheries 151
Paddy Walker
,
Marion van Leeuwe
The challenge of managing increasing numbers of geese in the Wadden Sea
area: the need for objectives and tools to prioritize and evaluate
efforts 157
Jesper Madsen
The Wadden Sea as a Cultural Landscape ( p 163 - 192)
The Wadden Sea as a cultural landscape and an archive of common history
163
Hauke Jöns
Heritage management in the Wadden Sea (in the strict sense)?
165
Sonja König
Settlement history of a lost landscape - archaeological remains in East
Frisian tidal flats 167
Kai Niederhöfer
Living in a dynamic landscape: prehistoric and proto-historic occupation
of the northern-Netherlands coastal area 173
Annet Nieuwhof
Initiation of dike-construction in the German clay district
179
Johannes Ey
Landscape and settlement history of the Western Heete Estuary,
Butjadingen (district of Wesermarsch, Lower Saxony) 185
Ingo Eichfeld
The Jade Bay Project – a summary of targets and planned activities 189
Ingo Eichfeld, Alexander Bartholomä, Melanie Beck, Friederike
Bungenstock, Holger Freund, Martina Karle, Ingrid Kröncke, Ulrike
Schückel, Annette Siegmüller, Alexandra Silinski, Viola Stratmann, Achim
Wehrmann, Wolfram Wartenberg
Impacts of Human
Activities (p 193 - 216)
User limits or natural limits: can we set limits to
human use, based on a natural functioning of the Wadden Sea?
193
M.J. Baptist, N. Dankers, C.J. Bastmeijer, A.G.
Brinkman, J.E. Tamis, R. Jongbloed, F.E. Fey, W.E. van Duin,
C.J. Smit, H.J. Lindeboom
Does sand extraction near Sylt affect harbour porpoises?
199
Ansgar Diederichs, Miriam Brandt,Georg Nehls
Contaminants in Bird Eggs in the Wadden Sea: Trends and
Perspectives 205
Peter H. Becker, Tobias Dittmann
Global warming changes the terrestrial flora of the
Wadden Sea 211
Detlev Metzing
Wadden Sea conservation across borders – how to get it
fit for the future
The 12th Wadden Sea Symposium gives recommendations to the politicians
At the
end of the 12th International Scientific Wadden Sea Symposium in
Wilhelmshaven, the over 270 participants underlined the importance of
closer cooperation on the protection of the Wadden Sea. “The symposium
has shown that we have to enhance cross-border cooperation considerably
to protect the Wadden Sea’s
natural structure and functioning” says Jens Enemark, secretary general
of the Common Wadden Sea Secretariat in Wilhelmshaven.
The
symposium resulted in clear recommendations for the decision makers in
policy. The recommendations are to be taken into consideration in the
preparation of the next Trilateral Governmental Conference on Sylt in
March 2010.
The
symposium was organized by the German Ministry for the Environment,
Nature Conservation and Nuclear, Safety, the National Park
Administrations (Niedersachsen, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea
), and the Common Wadden Sea Secretariat (CWSS).
Since
1975, when the first symposium was held, global changes have occurred
which have affected the Wadden Sea as a marine habitat of international
importance significantly. “Climate change and the subsequent changes in
species composition are issues of concern which have to be dealt with by
science and policy” says Wim Wolff (Uni Groningen) who initiated the
first symposium in 1975. A main demand by the researchers is therefore
to increase the resilience of the ecosystem. Management should aim to
restore natural dynamics and geomorphological conditions in the Wadden
Sea in order to allow the system to better adapt to accelerated sea
level rise.
“To
reach solutions for the entire ecosystem we have to cooperate across
borders” says Karsten Reise (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- und
Maritime Research, Wadden Sea Station Sylt). This means on the one hand
to also protect
the adjacent off-shore conservation areas, because there is a strong
relationship between the Wadden Sea and these areas for fish and marine
mammals. “On the other hand, an international cooperation effort is
required to prevent introduction and spreading of alien species in the
Wadden Sea”
The
experts concluded that the various EU Directives, which are relevant for
the protection of the Wadden Sea, haven not been tuned sufficiently. A
further harmonization is necessary which could also be an example for
other European conservation areas.
In
general, research and monitoring in the Wadden Sea have to be
intensified further. “The states should not restrict themselves to
minimum requirements resulting from the EU Directives as this does not
provide sufficient information for a proper and scientifically sound
ecosystem management of the Wadden Sea”
An
important milestone of international cooperation is the “Memorandum of
Understanding” which was signed between the Korean Ministry of Land,
Transport and Maritime Affairs and the Trilateral Wadden Sea Cooperation
at the symposium. It provides a foundation for a cooperation of tidal
flat experts of these states. Korea has a tidal flat area with similar
functions as the Wadden Sea and the cooperation has the aim to exchange
knowledge and experiences between the two regions.
The
results of scientific research over the last 30 years have also
considerably contributed to support the nomination of the Wadden Sea as
World Heritage Site. A decision of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee
will be taken in June 2009.
|
Introduction to the theme of the symposium |
The
Trilateral Wadden Sea Cooperation has been supporting the implementation
of the EU Directives by providing over 20 years experience of
integration, coordination and harmonization of research, monitoring and
management for the entire ecosystem Wadden Sea. Examples are the Wadden
Sea Plan and the Trilateral Monitoring and Assessment Program (TMAP),
both of which are based on an ecosystem approach.
The
scientific conference will focus on how research and monitoring can
provide input to conservation and management, by developing new methods
and assessment tools. In addition, limitations or gaps in knowledge will
be identified. Recommendation will be given how EU Directives should be
applied in future to ensure a harmonized management of the Wadden Sea,
based upon an ecosystem approach.
Objectives of the symposium
-
To
provide new scientific insights for the integrated assessment and
management of the Wadden Sea ecosystem as an entity (e.g. how to
deal with aliens species and impacts of climate change, what
triggers the ecological processes?),
-
To
identify future work areas for science, monitoring and management in
the Wadden Sea,
-
To
give recommendations for harmonization and adaptation of the
implementation of the EU Directives in the Wadden Sea.
Addressed
themes
-
The
dynamic Wadden Sea ecosystem versus a static threshold value
approach:
o
What do population trends, abundances or species composition really tell
us?
o
How to define scientifically sound conservation objectives and
assessment criteria?
o
How to deal with Neobiota?
-
Wadden Sea habitat management:
o
Habitat definition (a.o. reefs, sublittoral habitats)
o
Restoration in a dynamic environment (estuaries, de-embankments),
o
Examples of site management;
-
How
to integrate human use, nature conservation and EU Directives?
o
How to substantiate sustainability? (Economic and societal aspects, ICZM)
o
How to assess “cumulative effects of human activities”?
o
Examples of best practice.
-
Marine Strategy Directive: The Wadden Sea as a sub-region?
(Workshop)
For further information please contact:
Mr. Harald Marencic
Common Wadden Sea Secretariat (CWSS)
Virchowstr. 1
D-26382 Wilhelmshaven
Phone: +49 (0)4421 9108 15
marencic@waddensea-secretariat.org
